“入世”后我国企业工资形式的对策

我国企业针对“入世”的挑战,应制定以激励为方式,提高劳动效率为目的基本工资分类管理,奖励股票、福利自助等工资形式。     

铁路电力贯通线长距离输电补偿方案研究

铁路电力贯通线长距离输电存在一系列问题,如在线路轻载时末端电压升高,重载时末端电压下降,严重情况下末端电压将超出允许范围,严重影响供电的可靠性和安全性,影响行车安全。对临河至策克铁路互做布其35k V变电所与额济纳35k V变电所间超长距离贯通线进行分析,提出并联电抗和串联电容相结合的补偿方案,建立仿真模型,分别对集中补偿方案和分散补偿方案的有效性进行验证。结果表明:提出的补偿方案能够很好地解决铁路电力贯通线长距离输电时存在的问题。     

需求不确定下的网约车司机最优工资水平研究

在网约车出行系统中,乘客出行需求的不确定性会影响网约车平台制定合理的工资水平, 进而影响平台利润。本文研究出行需求不确定下的网约车司机工资水平。根据问题的数学描述,假设实际出行需求服从随机分布,司机数量供给服从劳动力供给理论,采用网约车研究领域广泛采纳的精准乘客-司机匹配函数描述乘客与司机间的匹配关系。在此基础上,建立求解网约车平台利润最大化的模型框架。案例研究发现：存在最优的工资水平,使得网约车平台利润最大化;最优工资水平、司机人数与乘客最大需求正相关,最优工资水平与平台影响力负相关;本模型给出期望利润最大化下的最优解,比平均值模型具有一定的鲁棒性,有效保障网约车平台利润。 结果表明,本文建立的最优工资水平模型可以有效研究需求不确定性下的网约车出行系统。     

铁路工程施工企业工资制度改革实践

研究目的:为适应社会主义市场经济体制和铁路工程施工企业的特点,建立合理的个人收入分配制度,坚持以按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的制度和体现效率优先、兼顾公平的原则,劳动者的个人劳动报酬要引入竞争机制,打破平均主义,实行多劳多得,合理拉开差距。研究方法:根据岗位工作量、技术含量及工作难易程度进行排序,确定各部门的岗位职务定员标准。在岗位排序的基础上,推行以岗位工作标准和实际能力为基础,以劳动力市场价格为导向确定员工收入的薪酬制度。研究结果:一是岗位薪点工资更加适应市场变化,便于灵活调控工费水平;二是达到了岗变薪变、易岗易薪的目标。研究结论:实施岗位薪点工资制度,对搞活企业内部分配,贯彻按劳分配政策,更好地调动员工的工作积极性,稳定公司骨干队伍等方面起到了良好的作用。     

Willingness-to-pay for alternative fuel vehicle characteristics: A stated choice study for Germany

In the light of European energy efficiency and clean air regulations, as well as an ambitious electric mobility goal of the German government, we examine consumer preferences for alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) based on a Germany-wide discrete choice experiment among 711 potential car buyers. We estimate consumers’ willingness-to-pay and compensating variation (CV) for improvements in vehicle attributes, also taking taste differences in the population into account by applying a latent class model with 6 distinct consumer segments. Our results indicate that about 1/3 of the consumers are oriented towards at least one AFV option, with almost half of them being AFV-affine, showing a high probability of choosing AFVs despite their current shortcomings. Our results suggest that German car buyers’ willingness-to-pay for improvements of the various vehicle attributes varies considerably across consumer groups and that the vehicle features have to meet some minimum requirements for considering AFVs. The CV values show that decision-makers in the administration and industry should focus on the most promising consumer group of ‘AFV aficionados’ and their needs. It also shows that some vehicle attribute improvements could increase the demand for AFVs cost-effectively, and that consumers would accept surcharges for some vehicle attributes at a level which could enable their private provision and economic operation (e.g. fast-charging infrastructure). Improvement of other attributes will need governmental subsidies to compensate for insufficient consumer valuation (e.g. battery capacity).     

探索人力资本理念下的企业薪酬结构--宽带薪酬

随着全球化市场经济与知识经济的不断发展,人力资本对获取企业竞争优势的作用日益突显。本文通过分析企业知识、技能型员工的特点,阐述了实施宽带薪酬的意义并倡导结合企业实际实施宽带薪酬,使宽带薪酬真正成为企业实现腾飞的驱动力。     

我国高等学校薪酬制度的探索与设想

文章阐述了知识经济时代高等学校薪酬管理的变化趋势以及薪酬制度面临的挑战。在此基础上,从高等学校薪酬水平的社会定位、人事聘任制下高校自主制定薪酬制度以及实施全面薪酬战略几个方面对今后我国高等学校的薪酬制度进行了探索与设想。     

Transition choice probabilities and welfare analysis in random utility models with imperfect before–after correlation

Welfare in random utility models is used to be analysed on the basis of only the expectation of the compensating variation. De Palma and Kilani (De Palma, A., Kilani, K., 2011. Transition choice probabilities and welfare analysis in additive random utility models. Economic Theory 46(3), 427–454) have developed a framework for conditional welfare analysis which provides analytic expressions of transition choice probabilities and associated welfare measures. The contribution is of practical relevance in transportation because it allows to compute shares of shifters and non-shifters and attribute benefits to them in a rigorous way. In De Palma and Kilani (2011) the usual assumption of unchanged random terms before and after is made.The paper generalises the framework for conditional welfare analysis to cases of imperfect before–after association of the random terms. The joint before–after distribution of the random terms is introduced with postulated properties in terms of marginal distributions and covariance matrix. Analytic expressions, based on the probability density function and the cumulative distribution function of the joint before–after distribution, and simulation procedures for computation of the transition choice probabilities and the conditional expectations of the compensating variation are provided. Results are specialised for multinomial logit and probit. In the case without income effects, it is proved that the unconditional expectation of the compensating variation depends only on the marginal distributions.The theory is illustrated by a numerical example which refers to a multinomial logit applied to the choice of the transport mode with two specifications, one without and one with income effects. Results show that transition probabilities and conditional welfare measures are affected significantly by the assumption on the before–after correlation. The variability in the transition probabilities across transitions tends to decrease as the before–after correlation decreases. In the extreme case of independent random terms, the conditional expectations of the compensating variation tend to be close to the unconditional expectation.     

浅谈无线列调的弱场补强

介绍了无线列调系统中几种弱场补强方案，简要说明了各种方案的系统组成、工作原理、组网方式及优缺点。     

营养效率工资模型适用性检验

营养效率工资模型阐述的是在发展中国家的劳动力市场上降低工人工资会使工人的生产效率下降,进而引起每单位劳动力的生产效率成本上升.而笔者通过对我国劳动力市场进行实证检验得出的结论却与该模型相反,削减工资将降低每单位劳动力的生产效率成本.